These are cellulosic fibres. These can be removed simply by flocculation followed by sedimentation. Flotation cell and disc filters can also be used. For more details please write to rvsveipl@gmail.com
There are a number of self-cleaning filtration units on the market that involve a fine mesh (finer than 60 mesh), and that clean by use of a traveling cleaner such that the filter is always in service step.
One other option, perhaps, would be to utilize a screen that could be cleaned by air blast, so that less water is wasted.
Micromac UK used to make a rotating screen which had a vacuum and backwash applied. The poresize of the screen was selected depending on what was needed to be removed. If the screen was clean no action was needed. If the screen started blocking it started rotating and a vacuum system removed the foulants, if the water level rose due to further blockage it brought on a backwash system. I don't know if they still manufacture them.
Depanding upon flow there can be sevaral answers, for a less flow say 5000LPH you can use stainless steel mesh in a S.S enclosure around foot valve of pump. for a larger flow you can opt for filter bag with mesh for further large flow use rotating screen with mesh.