Yes, I agree with Tom that ...

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Yes, I agree with Tom that it is calculated as a percentage of circulation rate in the cooling system.

0.005% I agree also to be a useful number.  I would also point out that ultimately the particulate emission of a cooling tower is a function of drift, and the TDS of the drifted water droplets.  Please note that at really high TDS (say 50,000 mg/L and up), It becomes virtually impossible to make a 10 micrometer dry particle, since that would require drifted droplets  so tiny they would be out of the statistical distribution by a lot of standard deviations from average.